مجلة الاربعين المحكمة
Steganography is a data security method that conceals information within a medium, ensuring no suspicion about a link between two parties. During the Arbaeen pilgrimage, a study used the least significant bit (LSB) concealment method, extracting letters from text within a coloured digital image, converting them into binary numbers, and embedding them within the image. This process resulted in an image containing textual information, allowing comparison with the original image to observe additive noise differences. The most significant noise effects were observed in homogenous areas and edge regions, with a pronounced impact of masking across all color packets. The study used statistical metrics like mean square error (MSE) and peak-to-noise ratio (PSNR) to analyze the quality and effectiveness of the outputs. The best stenographic effect occurs when the message size is small, the image size is large, and there are fewer bits to be hidden. The best reduction effect is achieved when the message size is small and the image size is large, with fewer bits to hide. The blue, red, and green bars exhibit the best steganography effects, ensuring the security of pilgrims in Karbala Governorate and elsewhere, and facilitating easy and secure data transmission.